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Moderate

DEXA — Bone Density & Body Composition

One machine sold for two quite different purposes, which is the source of most of the confusion around it. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measures bone mineral density — its original, guideline-endorsed use — and also whole-body composition: fat mass, lean mass, and a modelled estimate of visceral adipose tissue. Osteoporosis is common, silent until fracture, and treatable. Visceral fat drives insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and hepatic inflammation through portal free-fatty-acid and cytokine release. The two use cases do not carry the same weight of evidence, and packages rarely separate them.

Why it grades Moderate

The bone density use case is genuinely Strong: well-validated fracture-risk prediction, guideline-endorsed for screening postmenopausal women and older men. The body-composition use case marketed in longevity packages is weaker. Visceral fat measured directly by CT is an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in men, but the VAT figure a DEXA returns is a modelled estimate derived from 2D imaging rather than a direct volumetric measurement, with acknowledged limits in distinguishing visceral from other trunk fat depots compared with CT or MRI. It is a reasonable, low-radiation proxy for tracking change over time — read the specific VAT number as an estimate, not a precise clinical figure.

Visceral fat and mortality: PubMed: PMID 16571861 (Kuk JL, et al., "Visceral fat is an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in men") · Full cost breakdown & bone density vs body composition →

FrequencyBone density: every 2 years if indicated by age/risk. Body composition: optional, every 6–12 months if tracking a fitness/fat-loss programme
Cost (SGD)S$140–310 (bone density from S$141.70; body composition from S$308.47)
Appropriate forBone density: postmenopausal women, men over 70, or younger with risk factors (guideline-based). Body composition: anyone wanting a low-radiation way to track fat/lean mass change over time — not a standalone diagnostic test

Singapore pricing. We have a full price breakdown for this test, using checked 2026 figures from named providers — read the price guide →